Vancouver's Rob McSorley is one of at least 134 Canadians killed in action fighting for U.S. forces during the Vietnam War. Approximately 8,000 Coast Guardsmen served in Vietnam - but our legacy does not stop there. * The 143 men subsequently declared dead between 1973 and 2002 are not included in these totals. Though North Vietnam lost, it won a major psychological victory. but not without Marine and U.S. Air Force casualties. The dates of death . Officer casualties of all branches were overwhelmingly white. He recalled the attack and said, "We go in, and the helicopter started . The above figures on missing and wounded were calculated using Hanoi's declared casualty ratios for the period of 1945 to 1979, during which time the Communists incurred 1.1 million killed, 300,000 missing, and 600,000 wounded. Another potential limitation is the relatively small sample size of the study. Following the end of French colonial rule in 1954 and break-up of the former French Indochina, the United States assumed the political mentorship and primary . 62. I feel like its a lifeline. Deaths in the Vietnam War. A Korean War era soldier and later an attorney in Hays, Kansas, Richard became aware that the government had not made public a central source of information regarding the servicemen and women who died as a result of service in Vietnam. He took over the city of Hanoi and declared independence from France in 1954. There are some limitations on the search capabilities and downloading records en masse is not allowed. He estimates that between 30 and 46% of the total war deaths were civilians. Congress authorized troop deployment in Vietnam, but, because it did not issue a declaration of war on North Vietnam or the Viet Cong, the Vietnam War is, technically speaking, not considered a war in the United States. Civilian deaths caused by both sides amounted to a significant percentage of total deaths. The riot at the Long Binh Jail is the most publicized of thousands of racial incidents reported in South Vietnam between 1968 and 1971. The war persisted from 1955 to 1975 and most of the fighting took place in South Vietnam; accordingly it suffered the most casualties. [104], Following the end of the war, many refugees fled Vietnam by boat and ship. This prompted the official start of the Vietnam War, also known as the Second Indochina War. In 1968 US soldiers murdered several hundred Vietnamese civilians in the single . According to the Department of Veterans Affairs, we are losing an estimated 500 Vietnam veterans every day. In October 1966, Defense Secretary Robert McNamara initiated Project 100,000 which further lowered military standards for 100,000 additional draftees per year. Richard Coffelt's health began failing, and on 29 October 2010 he made his last contributions to the Coffelt Database. About 2 million Vietnamese civilians were killed in the fighting. A. For example, during the Seven Days Battles in the American Civil War (June 25 to July 1, 1862) there were 5,228 killed, 23,824 wounded and 7,007 missing or taken prisoner for a total of 36,059 casualties. It is unknown how much aid was lost from North Vietnamese allies. WIA. Nine-year-old Kim Phuc had ripped off her burning . The Vietnam War was a long, deadly struggle that took place from 1954 to 1975 between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. Refighting the Vietnam War. Many movements on the home front arose in the early 1970s to end the war, which sped the process of withdrawing troops along. troops. The oldest man killed was 62 years old. In 2002, an early version of the Coffelt Database was deeded to the National Archives, which made it available on-line as a searchable database. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. As this was two years before the IBM PC (personal computer) came on the market, the work necessarily was done the old-fashioned way: by library research, travel, and in hand-writing. (At least 100 names on the memorial are those of servicemen who were actually Canadian citizens.) The United States provided funding and troops to the South Vietnamese effort to prevent Communism from spreading further in East Asia. [45], Air force captain, Brian Wilson, who carried out bomb-damage assessments in free-fire zones throughout the delta, saw the results firsthand. The study's authors stated that methodological limitations of the study include imbalance between rural and urban areas and the potential exclusion of high mortality areas. Ambassador to Vietnam David Shear. 7,484 women served in Vietnam, of whom 6,250 or 83.5% were nurses. [79], The total number of American personnel who were KIA or died non-hostile deaths, were enlisted personnel with a casualty number of 50,441. Index of Vietnam War Casualties by Unit of Assignment. Political turbulence there and two alleged North Vietnamese attacks on U.S. naval vessels spurred Johnson to demand the passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution in 1964. Updates? Estimates include both civilian and military deaths in North and South Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia. [19], Other casualties for the ARVN included up to 1,170,000 military wounded,[59] and 1,000,000 surrendered or captured. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. [89], The total number of casualties, both KIA and non-hostile deaths, for drafted and volunteer service personnel (figures are approximated):[90], During the Vietnam War, 30% of wounded service members died of their wounds. These statistics were sourced from the appendix of On the offensive: the Australian Army in the Vietnam War 1967-1968. "Making More Enemies than We Kill? To be listed on the Memorial one simply need to have been: 1) A native Hoosier; and, 2) Killed in Action or Missing in Action between 1 January . During that period, they stated, they lost 849,018 killed plus approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded. the Vietnam War). In the summer of 2017, I was a U.S. Army lieutenant in the 101st Airborne Division at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. The war persisted from 1955 to 1975 and most of the fighting took place in South Vietnam; accordingly it suffered the most casualties. The U.S. technically did not lose the Vietnam War, as they withdrew in 1973 to allow South Vietnam to fight their own battles. Following its 1945 defeat in World War II, Japan withdrew its forces from Vietnam, leaving the French-educated Emperor Bao Dai in control. Data for deaths in Laos is incomplete. Joseph L. Rhodes, 22, Marines, L. They have a Bachelor's in Air Traffic Management from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University and minored in Aviation Safety and Homeland Security. NVA/VC Casualties Reported by III MAF Units: 756 : H: Marine Aircraft . Two major war memorials commemorating the dead soldiers in the Second Indochina War (a.k.a. He succeeded in 1954 and established a Communist government. Johnson raised the number of South Vietnam deployments to 23,000 U.S. soldiers by the end of his first year in office. U.S. Marines in Vietnam, 1967, Fighting the North Vietnamese, 1984 . One study estimated that American commanders exaggerated body counts by 100 percent. According to a 2009 study, one third of land in the central provinces of Vietnam is still contaminated with unexploded mines and ordnance. Although North Vietnamese and Viet Cong casualty counts vary wildly, it is generally understood that they suffered several times the number of American casualties. [102] The Red Cross of Vietnam estimates that up to 1 million people are disabled or suffer health problems due to Agent Orange exposure. This is also the main reason that soldiers in Vietnam saw more action than those soldiers of preceding wars. The officially-reported numbers and categories below cover American Vietnam War deaths by age group, branch of service, service component, type of death, reason for death, race, religion, sex, state/protectorate and deaths by war year (including post-war). Of those killed, 61% were younger than 21 years old. Two other cleanup sites being reviewed by the United States and Vietnam are Bin Ha Air Base, in the southern province of ng Naia 'hotspot' for dioxinand Ph Ct Air Base in Bnh nh Province, according to U.S. Week of November 22. Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, gives a 1513 reference for military casualty, and an 1844 reference for civilian use. These numbers do not include civilian and ARVN military deaths result from the communist mass-internment, the refugee crisis and subsequent exodus of Vietnamese people after the Fall of Saigon. Calculating U.S. Ho Khang, ed, Marilyn Young. In the days before "embeds" this generation's enforced melding of photographer and military unit there was a certain sense of . [4] North Vietnamese troops launched the Tet Offensive in January 1968, which was successful against South Vietnam and the U.S. Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. [62] According to the Vice Minister Nguyn B Hoan, in 2022, nearly 200,000 PAVN/VC were still MIA (whose bodies were have not been found), and 300,000 whose bodies have been found, but buried anonymously and never identified. Operation Rolling Thunder History & Facts | What Was Operation Rolling Thunder? Being killed in action was the leading cause of American casualties. The South Vietnamese government, on the other hand, fought to preserve a Vietnam more closely aligned with the West. History is not a fixed set of facts. He received his B.A. Grand total of war deaths: Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos (1954-75) 1,450,000: 2,450,000: 3,595,000: Civilian deaths in the Vietnam War . War on Terrorism, 2000-2014. . Among other countries that fought for South Vietnam, South Korea had more than 4,000 dead, Thailand about 350, Australia more than 500, and New Zealand some three dozen. Vietnam War Casualties record set contains 58,192 additional names of service people who lost their lives while serving overseas. Get unlimited access to over 84,000 lessons. It is suspected that over 1.2 million of these deaths were murders. The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History Moyar, Mark. On Nov. 23, 1968, The Philadelphia Tribune wrote of large . harvnb error: no target: CITEREFTurse2013 (. The boat people's first destinations were the Southeast Asian locations of Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Estimates of the total number of deaths in the Vietnam War vary widely. Ho Chi Minh created the Viet Cong as a resistance force to French democracy. Bomb Tonnages Dropped on Laos and Cambodia, and Weighing Their Implications", "Association between Agent Orange and birth defects: systematic review and meta-analysis", "The History, Toxicity and Adverse Human Health and Environmental Effects Related to the Use of Agent Orange", http://ls-tlss.ucl.ac.uk/course-materials/POLS6016_65225, Story of Tiger Force atrocities had to be told, "On War extra Vietnam's massacre survivors", Counter-Revolutionary Violence: Bloodbaths in Fact & Propaganda, "Anatomy of US and South Korean Massacres in the Vietnamese Year of the Monkey, 1968 | Japan Focus", "VIETNAM KILLINGS LAID TO KOREANS (Published 1970)", "The 'forgotten' My Lai: South Korea's Vietnam War massacres", "Citizens' court to investigate Vietnam War atrocities committed by South Korean troops", "Chuyn 4 CNG TC TM KIM, QUY TP HI CT LIT S T NAY N NM 2020 V NHNG NM TIP THEO, datafile.chinhsachquandoi.gov.vn/Qun%20l%20ch%20o/Chuyn%20%204.doc", "Lost Souls: The Search for Vietnam's 300,000 or More MIAs", 300.000 lit s cha xc nh danh tnh l ni trn tr ln, "North Vietnamese Army's 1972 Eastertide Offensive", i tng V Nguyn Gip vi cng tc hu cn qun i, "2021 NAME ADDITIONS AND STATUS CHANGES ON THE VIETNAM VETERANS MEMORIAL", "US Military Operations: Casualty Breakdown", "Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency Vietnam (PMSEA) Report for CIVILIAN (Unaccounted For)", "Capture Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency Vietnam (PMSEA) Report for CIVILIAN (Accounted For Identified Since 1973)", "Vietnam-era unaccounted for statistical report", "Vietnam Prisoners of War Escapes and Attempts", http://www.dtic.mil/dpmo/vietnam/reports/pmsea_escapee.pdf, "Vietnam War U.S. Military Fatal Casualty Statistics", "Learning from America's Wars, Past and Present U.S. Battlefield Medicine Has Come a Long Way, from Antietam to Iraq", "African-Americans In Combat | History Detectives | PBS", "Vietnam War Bomb Explodes Killing Four Children", Vietnam: Report Details Unexploded Ordnance, "Vietnam War Bombs Still Killing People 40 Years Later", "U.S. in first effort to clean up Agent Orange in Vietnam", "U.S. starts its first Agent Orange cleanup in Vietnam", "After the Nightmare: The Population of Cambodia", "KOREA military army official statistics, AUG 28, 2005", "Australian servicemen listed as missing in action in Vietnam", https://books.google.com/books?id=qh5lffww-KsC&lpg=PA53&dq=the%20encyclopedia%20of%20the%20vietnam%20war%20page%2064&pg=PA176&output=embed, "POW Remembers McCain and Tapping Through Walls in Hanoi Prison", "New Zealand Rolls Of Honour By Conflict", "Overview of the war in Vietnam | VietnamWar.govt.nz, New Zealand and the Vietnam War", "America Wasn't the only Foreign Power in the Vietnam War", "Vietnam Reds to hold 17 From Taiwan as Spies", https://kienthuc.net.vn/quan-su/nhung-chuyen-gia-quan-su-lien-xo-trong-khang-chien-chong-my-1796800.html, Vietnamese Casualties During the American war, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vietnam_War_casualties&oldid=1142285241, includes an estimated 50,000/65,000/70,000 civilians killed by U.S/SVN bombing/shelling, includes 360,000/391,000/720,000 civilians, 25,000/50,000/75,000 killed in North Vietnam, 106,000/164,000/227,000 killed in South Vietnam. [5], Uppsala University in Sweden maintains the Armed Conflict Database. According to the United Nations High Commission for Refugees, between 200,000 and 400,000 boat people died at sea. In the United States, the Vietnam War became known as one of the most unpopular wars . . The U.S. military has estimated that between 200,000 and 250,000 South Vietnamese soldiers died in the war. The National Liberation Front & People's Army of Vietnam | History, Purpose & Strategy, 1973 Paris Peace Accords Overview | Talks, Terms & Agreement, Vietnamization Policy & Significance | Nixon's Plan to Withdraw American Forces, Operation Ranch Hand: Definition, Strategy & Impact, Significant Events in the First Indochina War, Causes of American Defeat in the Vietnam War, Communism Spreads During the Vietnam War: Cambodia and Laos. Colonial France inhabited Vietnam through the end of World War II. He was not killed in action but murdered by another U.S. airman and later died of his wounds on 8 June, 1956. History 308: Causes and Effects of the Vietnam War, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Participants & Strategies in the Vietnam War, Casualties of the Vietnam War: Causes & Statistics, Primary Source: Brent Scowcroft's 'Escape from South Vietnam' Memorandum, Postwar Relations Between America and Vietnam, Vietnam Veterans Memorial: Description & History, Primary Source: New York Times' Article on Tribute to Vietnam Dead, Vietnam Syndrome: Definition, Causes & Impact, Studying for History 308: Causes & Effects of the Vietnam War, History 106: The Civil War and Reconstruction, ILTS Social Science - History (246): Test Practice and Study Guide, SAT Subject Test World History: Practice and Study Guide, Praxis Elementary Education: Multiple Subjects (5001) Prep, History 307: American Civil Rights Movement, Praxis Fundamental Subjects: Content Knowledge (5511) Prep, Praxis Elementary Education: Social Studies Subtest (5004) Prep, US History - Civil War: Lesson Plans & Resources, 6th Grade World History I: Homeschool Curriculum, The French and Indian War Lesson Plan for Elementary School, Middle Colonies Economic Industry Activities, New England Colonies Economic Industry Activities, Sugar Act Lesson Plan for Elementary School, Sons of Liberty Lesson Plan for Elementary School, Boston Tea Party Activities for 4th Grade, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. That can include disabled by injuries, disabled by psychological trauma, captured, deserted, or missing. Australian special operations units would go out into the jungles of Vietnam for weeks at a time, often without saying a word to one another in order to maintain complete silence as they stalked the Northern troops through the jungles. Those who argue that the United States won the war point to the fact that the U.S. defeated communist forces during most of Vietnams major battles. An addition 3 million Vietnamese were left wounded and around 12 million were refugees. The Viet Cong lost around 1.1 million combatants. [1] Support to North Vietnam was sent by Communist allies including China, North Korea, and the Soviet Union. [99][100] In 2012 alone, unexploded ordnance and claimed 500 casualties in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, according to activists and Vietnamese government databases. The U.S. Constitution grants Congress sole authority to issue declarations of war. Grenada (1983) 3. For this figure, Guenter Lewy assumes that one-third of the reported enemy killed may have been civilians, concluding that the actual number of deaths of the VC and PAVN military forces was probably closer to 444,000. The steady aeromedical evacuation and in-theater care performed by the Air Force Medical Service (AFMS) in Southeast, The official News page of the Air Force Medical Service, providing the latest articles about Air Force Medicine and the Air Force. [91] Around 3035% of American deaths in the war were non-combat or friendly fire deaths; the largest causes of death in the U.S. armed forces were small arms fire (31.8%), booby traps including mines and frags (27.4%), and aircraft crashes (14.7%). The overwhelming majority of the MIA are from northern Vietnam. According to the Information Bureau of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam (PRG), a shadow government formed by North Vietnam in 1969, between April 1968 and the end of 1970 American ground troops killed about 6,500 civilians in the course of twenty-one operations either on their own or alongside their allies. This was part of the Cold War effort to prevent the spread of Communism across the globe. Many black men who had previously been ineligible could now be drafted, along with many poor and racially intolerant white men from the southern states. 20% of black males were combat soldiers, sailors, airmen and marines. A 1975 US Senate subcommittee estimated around 1.4 million civilian casualties in South Vietnam because of the war, including 415,000 deaths. The "Holloway Database" effectively became the public's sole source of information regarding all our Vietnam dead. The exact breakdown still remains unclear, although an estimated 273,000 Cambodians and 62,000 Lao lost their lives. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., lists more than 58,300 names of members of the U.S. armed forces who were killed or went missing in action. Written requests should be mailed to: National Personnel Records Center, 9700 Page Ave., St. Louis, MO 63132-5100. Sources: World War II Honor List of Dead and Missing, June 1946; Battle Casualties of the Army, 30 September 1954; List of Casualties Incurred by U.S. Military Personnel in Connection with the Conflict in Vietnam, 30 September 1975. [citation needed] Black people often made up a disproportionate 25% or more of combat units, while constituting only 12% of the military. 1968 Tet Offensive - Hanoi failed in its most ambitious goal of producing a general uprising in the South, it suffered more than 45,267 (mainly Viet Cong) deaths but gained a propaganda, political and strategic victory. Both American/South Vietnamese forces and the Viet Cong can be held accountable for the number of civilian deaths, but the Viet Cong had a larger hand in overtaking villages and using more offensive military tactics to draw out the South Vietnamese forces. It granted him broad latitude in handling the struggle against communism in Southeast Asia. [62][63] Based on unit surveys, a rough estimate of 3040% of dead and missing were non-combat deaths. U.S. military has estimated that between 200,000 and 400,000 boat people died at sea military History,. June, 1956 9700 Page Ave., St. Louis, MO 63132-5100 756: H: Marine Aircraft and %! The Cold War effort to prevent Communism from spreading further in East Asia Vietnam saw more action those! Around 12 million were refugees the War, including 415,000 deaths the exact breakdown still remains unclear, an... 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Northern Vietnam the Second Indochina War ( a.k.a other trademarks and copyrights are the property of respective..., other casualties for the ARVN included up to 1,170,000 military wounded, [ 59 ] and surrendered! His first year in office '' effectively became the public 's sole source information! Study estimated that American commanders exaggerated body counts by 100 percent Vietnam and South Vietnam to their! Defeat in World War II, Japan withdrew its forces from Vietnam, of whom or. 1513 reference for civilian use sourced from the appendix of on the memorial are those servicemen... Struggle against Communism in Southeast Asia boat and ship to the Coffelt Database end the War persisted 1955... Fighting the North Vietnamese, 1984 the main reason that soldiers in the 101st vietnam war casualties by unit Division at Fort Campbell Kentucky. English Dictionary, Second Edition, gives a 1513 reference for military casualty, and the helicopter..