McGregor's X and Y Theories are contrasting theories that depict two different aspects of human behavior at work. D. Maslow believes that higher level needs can be met through a . The average person dislikes work and will avoid it if he/she can. 1. Because people don't like to work, they must be controlled, directed, or threatened to get them to make . Drawing on Maslows hierarchy of needs, McGregor argues that a need, once satisfied, no longer motivates. They encourage employees to be the best version of themselves at work by improving their skills and suggesting better ways to perform well. Does the team not understand the work? This coursework on Maslows Hierarchy and McGregors X and Y Theory was written and submitted by your fellow However, employees can be most productive when their work goals align with their higher-level needs. To achieve the desired performance, the manager will appoint rewards and punishments and set a rulebook of directions. Only an authoritative/centralized approach can help motivate such employees. Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y. His work is isolating, so he decides to join the knitting club that meets in the breakroom to make friends. Did you know:McGregor was a student of Abraham Maslow and contributed a lot to management and motivation theories. Physical and mental tiredness during work is a natural phenomenon. Although McGregor suggests Theory Y as a better approach to management in a workplace, some organisations require the attitude of Theory X. It's crucial to remember that both managerial mindsets represent two extremes, which, with some moderations, can be a perfect fit for the right workforce. 3. 1. 3. The managers of Sweet Treats & Eats Baker believe that the average person will avoid work when possible. To McGregor, a steady supply of motivation seemed more likely to occur underTheory Y management. C)Herzberg's hygiene factors. I'd say Ewan Mcgregor since he was originally gonna play strange in 2016 and + he still had the beard since he was playing obi wan the same years . Moving Motivators, for example, suggests meaningful reflections on what motivates people and how context changes influence what motivates us most. It improves the ability to recruit and retain workers who wish to balance work and home life. 5. by ensuring that rewards are distributed on the basis of performance, According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following needs do people strive to satisfy first? The Theory X and Theory Y created by Douglas McGregor in 1950s and developed later in the 1960s. Rosalyn's boss is so impressed, she asks Rosalyn to complete the competitor analysis once a week in addition to her other tasks. Theory Z Operant conditioning 25. option A is correct The test is a simple reflective tool, not a scientifically validated instrument; it's a learning aid and broad indicator. Wed love your input. McGregor's Theory Y corresponds to:A. the traditional view of management. How can managers avoid equity problems? Theory Z was developed by William Ouchi, in his book 1981 'Theory Z: How American Business can meet the Japanese Challenge '. Anand believes that he can force his subordinates to work extra hours through close supervision. Theory Y serves as a counterpoint to Theory Xs authoritarian and control-oriented assumptions over people. Please use it as such. 4. micromanaging employees. Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives. Explore our library and get Management Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. If Theory Y holds true, an organization can apply the followingprinciples of scientific management to improve employee motivation: If properly implemented, such an environment canincrease and continually fuelmotivation as employees work to satisfy their higher-level personal needs through their jobs. 2. Theory Y is a participative approach to enhance employee motivation where the manager has an optimistic view of their team members. Anderson 3PL, a logistics company, allows employees to work on a flextime schedule. Workers dislike their jobs and they are inherently lazy. Students find learning inherently challenging and are only expected to have limited success in the course. McGregor's X-Y theory is a salutary and simple reminder of the natural rules for managing people, which under the pressure of day-to-day business are all too easily forgotten. 1. 1. Maslows theory uses a pyramid to describe the different types of needs that need to be met. Many workplaces originally utilized Theory X, which believes that employees are lazy and unproductive. Jobs are more satisfying as the opportunity for job sharing increases. Douglas McGregor work is established in motivation theory. Authoritarian management style is applied by the management, where the managers closely monitor and supervise each employee. Businessballs Ltd assumes no responsibility for any errors or damages arising as a result of use. Douglas McGregor, one of Maslow 's students, influenced the study of motivation with his formulation of two contrasting sets of assumptions about human nature Theory X and Theory Y. Average employees always seek direction as they are lazy. ADVERTISEMENTS: The next part of McGregors theory is Theory Y. IvyPanda. McGregor's theory introduced two different management theories based on human motivation, Theory X and Theory Y. Expectancy theory. William Ouchi. He believed that by following Theory Y, supervisors could motivate their workers to achieve their highest potential. The common motivation methods in the healthcare industry include monetary rewards, training, off duties, and leaves just to mention a few. 4. job enrichment McGregor came from a social psychology background and brought his training in this area to the field of management. The idea that a managers attitude has an impact on employee motivation was originally proposed by Douglas McGregor,a management professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during the 1950s and 1960s. The other group belongs to theory Y and are participative and to them, work is as natural as play. Disclaimer: Reliance on this material and any related provision is at your sole risk. Workers are eager to participate in decision-making. As a result, they must be closely controlled and often coerced to achieve organizational objectives. This theory cannot be used with experienced professionals. O. C. Ferrell. 5. 2. serves customers better by allowing more coverage of customers over longer hours. Most people are self-centered. 1. ignore his employee's needs for personal growth. Our mission is to foster educational excellence. 1. providing opportunities for employee growth Curiously titled Theory X Theory Y, his theory outlines two opposing views on human behavior in the workplace.Each of the viewpoints addresses a different way of meeting each individual's motivational needs. McGregor's XY Theory of Management - The Simplest explanation ever.McGregor's Theory of Management is one of the fundamental motivational theories management. Retrieved from https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. Be aware also that many X-Theory managers are forced to be X-Theory by the short-term demands of the organisation and their superiors - an X-Theory manager is usually someone with their problems, so try not to give them any more. They believe their employees can handle more responsibility on their own. B. the humanistic view of management. E. the average worker does not like to be directed. Such individuals are used to working on their own terms and accomplishing tasks. 3. In fact, there are very few persons who exactly correspond with Theory 'X' or Theory 'Y' assumptions. 3. If the previous management style is not working out, it is best to change it for better results. 2. Under Theory X, one can take a hard or soft approach to getting results. Related to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, what is the difference between Theory X and Theory Y managers? It is based on the assumption that self-direction, self-control, and maturity control motivation. Theory X . Theory X and Theory Y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation, and whilst more recent studies have questioned the rigidity of the model, Mcgregor's X-Y Theory remains a valid basic principle from which to develop positive management style and techniques. Elton Mayo. Mr. McGregor postulated 2 theories on human management and leadership which are Theory X and Theory Y. Therefore, not only can leadership style be situational, but so can motivation. Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book 'The Human Side Of Enterprise'. Theory X 2. This site is developed by Dr. Serhat Kurt. Turn your workplace into a happy workplace! 2. They try to avoid responsibility; therefore, extreme control is required. McGregor's Theory X & Y describe divergent managerial beliefs about what motivated employees. Theory X holds that employees are inherently disinclined to work and needed to be strictly controlled. He reasoned that . Theory Y. Which of the following is an unethical or illegal behavior Kelsey may exhibit to equalize the situation? McGregor argued that the employees of an organization could be broadly classified into two groups. 5. specialization. Theory X takes into account people's needs for companionship, esteem, and personal growth, whereas Theory Y does not. 4. Once those needs have been satisfied, the motivation disappears. The first part of McGregors theory is Theory X. Avoiding confrontation (unless you are genuinely being bullied, which is a different matter) and delivering results are key tactics. 3. the average worker has little ambition. The purpose of this paper is to take a new look at an old idea: since McGregor's work in the 1960s, it is common knowledge that managers' implicit theories about their followers can have Expand 4 How Theory X style of management arose from a fundamental attribution error H. K. Davison, J. Smothers Business 2015 Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. where represents the spatially averaged SSTAs in the Nio3.4 region (170-120W, 5S-5N) or equivalently the Nio3.4 index, h denotes the averaged thermocline depth (zonal wind stress) anomaly in the central-to-eastern equatorial Pacific (120E-80W, 5S-5N), and F (mc) is the sea surface heat flux anomaly (heat capacity of . Influencing such major management gurus such as Peter Drucker and Warren Bennis, McGregor's revolutionary Theory Y-which contends that individuals are self-motivated and self-directed-and Theory X-in which employees must be commanded and controlled-has been widely taught in business schools, industrial relations schools, psychology departments . Theory Y managers maintain more control and supervision over their employees than Theory X managers. Managers who practice Theory X have a strong inclination towards systems that favor command and control, authoritarianism, micromanagement, and high degrees of supervision to ensure that people do what needs to be done. 4. likely to increase overhead costs for businesses. 5. flextime. 1. improves the company's ability to recruit and retain workers who wish to balance work and home life. McGregor and Maslow hierarchy. He focused on employee's basic needs during the formulation of Theory X whereas during the making of Theory Y, higher needs from the hierarchy of needs model were utilized. McGregor -Theory X and Theory Y. McGregor, an American psychologist, built upon earlier studies into the psychology of the workplace. She views her company favorably, and she enjoys working with her colleagues. Theory X is the negative theory that focuses on supervision, and Theory Y is the positive theory that focuses on rewards and recognition. According to managers who adopt McGregor's Theory X: A. people enjoy work. D. Herz berg's motivational factors. McGregor created Theory X based on Maslow's lower needs on the hierarchy of needs model (food, water, necessities). As a result, the only way that employees can attempt to meethigher-level needs at work is to seek more compensation, so, predictably, they focus on monetary rewards. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Managers assume that employee demotivation can be solved through a decentralized method in which collaboration, trust, and team relationships are enhanced. DOUGLAS MCGREGOR'S THEORY X AND THEORY Y DOUGLAS MCGREGOR THEORY X McGregor died in 1964, aged 58, but not before making a substantial contribution to the field of manage-ment. Therefore, it often cannot push employees to perform better. It increases overhead costs for companies. They led to the belief that nothing will motivate workers who D. Herzberg's motivational factors.E. The hard approach results in hostility, purposely low output, and extreme union demands. hygiene factor? . Interestingly, Ouchi chose to name his model 'Theory Z', which apart from anything else tends to give the impression that it's a Mcgregor idea. Employees will avoid responsibility and seek to receive formal orders whenever possible. Herzberg's two-factor theory. After employing a particular theory, monitor its performance. The capacity to exercise a relatively high degree of imagination, ingenuity and creativity in the solution of organizational problems is widely, not narrowly distributed in the population, etc. Work is a factor in peoples achievement, not just a way of survival; it is not just to pay the bills. 86 McGregor's Theory X/Y & Job Performance LITERATURE REVIEW AND HYPOTHESES Theory X/Y Described Briefly put, McGregor (1960) advanced three ideas. 1. a four-day or shorter period in which employees work 40 hours. 2. The leaders should be able to mobilize the other workers and motivate them by Maslows hierarchy of needs for output maximization. 5. By managing the system and not the people, trusting them to achieve better results, we materialize the assumptions of this theory. If an employee is not motivated, the manager will provide the employee with more responsibility and authority. 2. salary Jobs are more satisfying when employees are provided with greater perks. May 11, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. It increases security concerns. McGregors Theories allow managers to better understand their employees. Most workers put safety above all factors associated with work, displaying little ambition. T or F. Theory Z is more participative and encourages lifelong employee commitment more than Theories X and Y. Employees self-confidence may be impeded if they are punished publicly. Still, in terms of motivation and engagement, Theory Y seeks and relies on extrinsic motivations. However, if the employees behavior does not change, it is time to change tactics. And how does Management 3.0 come into play? E. the equity theory. They should be able to differentiate the theory X and theory Y workers thus motivating the theory X workers who are deemed lazy to work hard. Please note that Theory Z is not a Mcgregor idea and as such is not Mcgregor's extension of his XY theory. How to apply Theory X and Y in the workplace. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 4. responsibility 5. job enlargement. Lillian Gilbreth. level needs as well as physiological and security needs. The explanation: Its not just technology, business models, products, and services that evolve, but so do people. Aliyah, a senior public relations manager, follows McGregor's Theory Y approach to management so she maintains a low level of control and supervision over her employees. All of the following are ways to retain good employees except: 1. must. Employees might exploit their decision-making power by bringing in personal interests over organizational goals. 2. increase in productivity regardless of physical conditions 2. job rotation 1. job hopping The use of this material is free for self-development, developing others, research, and organizational improvement. Douglas McGregor expressed his views of human nature in two sets of assumptions. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Hygiene factors of the two-factor theory Every worker deserves a cookie and privacy! May 11, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/. Today, organizations are more concerned about the motivation of their employees. Managers following this theory encourage their team members to participate in different activities. Douglas McGregor's conceptualization of Theory X and Theory Y has influenced management practices for almost six decades, despite the relative paucity of empirical support. Student motivation is correlated with learning. We can cite A Theory of Human Motivation, published by Abraham Maslow in 1952 and popularized Maslows Pyramid of Hierarchies. Theory X management assumes most people will attempt to avoid work whereas Theory Y managers trust their people to take ownership of their work. All Rights Reserved. 1. The workforce, increasingly multigenerational, seeks new relationships not only with the brands they consume, with their employers as well. Theory X managers only focus on self-actualization needs, while Theory Y managers focus on all the other types of needs. Some employees dont fit into any category; therefore, managers should use a mixture of both theories to succeed. In addition, competition has compelled all organizations to come up with plans on how to increase production at the least cost possible. The idea behind using letters X and Y, perhaps seems to be using a neutral terminology, which does not convey any sense of badness or goodness associated with these theories. Using either theory is an extreme style of management. Application of Vroom's Theory of Expectancy, Theory X - 'Authoritarian Management' Style, Theory Y - 'Participative Management' Style, Tools for Teaching, Understanding and Evaluating XY Theory Factors, McClelland's Achievement-Based Motivational Theory and Models, 2. Instead, self-actualization, self-esteem, and social needs must be fulfilled to motivate the team members. They led to companies providing better physical work Maslow's Hierarchy and McGregor's X and Y Theory. 2. achievement Both theories rest on the assumption that management is required to coordinate all aspects of the value delivery process to be productive. Theory X and Theory Y: Which Enhances the Staffs Performance Better? this t. 1. job sharing. Thus, according to the Theory, there are two groups of managers:Theory X managers and Theory Y managers, both with a contrary set of assumptions. Employees under this theory are self-motivated and enjoy ownership of work. McGregor's XY Theory remains central to organisational development, and to improving organisational culture. Why are some managers reluctant to offer telecommuting options to their employees? There is often a central authority base and managers follow an authoritative leadership style. What is the rationale behind job enlargement strategies? Douglas McGregor is a social psychologist and applied two sets of assumptions to the organizational structure called Theory X and Theory Y. McGregor argued that the employees of an organization could be broadly classified into two groups. Douglas McGregor influenced the study of motivation with his formulation of two contrasting sets of assumptions about human naturedesignated Theory X and Theory Y. 3. However, superior leaders in healthcare centers are expected to have excellent leadership qualities for quality work. Theory X managers focus on esteem and social needs, while Theory Y managers only focus on self-actualization needs. the equity theory. 5. the average worker prefers to be directed. 4. social needs Employees often think about quitting their jobs as their dislike of the work amplifies. He referred to these opposing motivational methods as Theory X and Theory Y management. 1. Is there an internal conflict between team members? Theory Y Job hopping 3. uses workstations and facilities better by staggering employee use. Herzberg's two-factor theory focused on the environment where work is done. A. physiological and security needs B. security and social needs C. social and esteem needs D. esteem and self-actualization needs E. physiological and esteem needs Theory X and Theory Y are most closely associated. To a relatively high degree, the ability to exercise the imagination, talent, and creative spirit in solving organizational problems are distributed, and not sparsely, among people. 2. reduces driving in rush hour traffic. Ideal for all companies Some employees require guidance and are not comfortable with undefined working boundaries. Selena's work schedule is an example of: 1. decrease in productivity regardless of supervision Employees under this theory seek responsibility as motivational drivers. This led them to use rewards and punishment as their primary means to motivate employees. McGregor encouraged organizations to adopt more of a Theory Y leadership style. Average humans do not detest their work but like or dislike it according to temporary situations that can be improved. All of the following are benefits of this type of scheduling except it: McGregor's Theory X corresponds to: A. the traditional view of management. These problems have to the motivation of employees in the organizations by mobilizing the staff efforts towards achieving their set goals and objectives with less cost as well as production of quality products. Consider the same example discussed above, assuming the same manager now follows McGregors Theory Y of motivation and believes in decentralization. Theory Y is McGregor's other modem view of the nature of man. In his 1960 book, The Human Side of Enterprise, McGregor proposed two theories by which managers perceive and address employee motivation. T or F. A compressed workweek is: The main reason for this is that just as consumers seek higher-purpose relationships with brands, teams also pursue higher-purpose relationships with their employers. 3. 4. the traditional view of management. He used his knowledge of psychology and other areas of the behavioral sciences to seek insight into the minds of employees. 3. 5. McGregor's Theory X corresponds to: A. the traditional view of management. It increases the workload for employees who take the option. Behavior modification. See also the article about Assertive Techniques and Self Confidence. And this is the essence of managing upward X-Theory managers - focus and get agreement on the results and deadlines - if you consistently deliver, you'll increasingly be given more leeway on how you go about the tasks, which amounts to more freedom. Each location has a manager who runs the location as they see fit. 4. Workers are happy to contribute and feel internally satisfied. Theory Y can lead to abuse of the freedom, trust, and confidence given to them. She notices that new employees become bored after about six months on the job. 3. a system that allows employees to choose their starting and ending times as long as they are at work during a specified core time. McGregor's Theory Y We utilize security vendors that protect and HR efforts must adopt updated forms of compensation and incentives, take a more concerned approach for the environment and for employee happiness, and plan carefully each point of the employees journey, including critical moments such as contract termination. Implications of McGregor's Theory on Teaching Method The theory x teacher will use the carrot and stick approach to motivation because he believes that the potentials of students are static . Typically characteristics of an X-Theory manager are most or all of these: Working for an X-theory boss isn't easy - some extreme X-Theory managers make extremely unpleasant managers, but there are ways of managing these people upwards. The commitment to complete a task is based on the rewards. We are hiring! Since quantitative metrics are not a focus in this theory, it becomes hard to measure employee growth and success. Motivation Rosalyn is a social media manager. https://ivypanda.com/essays/maslows-hierarchy-and-mcgregors-x-and-y-theory/, IvyPanda. McClelland's need for achievement underlies Maslow's self-actualization. Reduce a company's operating expenses The Situational Leadership Theory by Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard, who says that there is no single best leadership style, was published in 1969. Theory X and Theory Y suggest two aspects of human behavior at work. Motivation and Improving Workplace Performance, Motivational Model: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, David Mcclelland - Achievement Motivation, Free XY Theory test tool - personal and organisational - (pdf), Free XY Theory test tool - personal and organisational - (doc version), Book onto our upcoming leadership webinar sessions here, C4: Planning Workload, Time Management and Prioritisation, C18: Customer, Partner and Stakeholder Management, C19: Collaboration and Sharing Best Practice, C20: Conflict, Negotiation and Influencing, CMI Level 3 in Principles of Management and Leadership, CMI Level 6 in Management and Leadership Practice, CMI Level 7 in Strategic Management and Leadership Practice, CMI Level 8 in Strategic Direction and Leadership Practice, CMI/ILM Level 3 Team Leader or Supervisor, CMI/ILM Level 5 Operations or Departmental Manager, Frederick Herzberg Background Information, The Development of Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene Theory. All of the following are benefits of this type of scheduling except it: Which management theory does Freedom Clothing follow? Workers have little motivation and prefer direction from their superiors. Each assumes that the manager's role is to organize resources, including people, to best benefit the company. They marked the beginning of a concern for human relations in the workplace. Managers should watch these employees, threaten and guide them to complete the job on time. 3. ignore the security needs of his employees. Theory X and Theory Y were part of McGregor's philosophy of management, which represented a fundamental change in management thought and practice. Leaders are people that organize and coordinate their followers towards the attainment of certain organizational goals. 2. 2. creating a work-friendly environment. Encroachment: Definition, Meaning & Examples. Theory X Theory Y can be applied to classroom environments to determine if motivation has any correlation to student learning. Theory Z was first described by: In this situation, one would expect employees to dislike their work, avoid responsibility, have no interest in organizational goals, resist change, etc.creating, in effect, a self-fulfilling prophecy. Participate in different activities theories based on the environment where work is.... Social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y Theory in his book 1981 'Theory Z how. In personal interests over organizational goals does not change, it becomes hard to employee. Notices that new employees become bored after about six months on the job assumes most people must be forced the... Customers better by allowing more coverage of customers over longer hours over organizational goals include monetary rewards,,! Be productive be directed that employees are inherently disinclined to work extra through! Published by Abraham Maslow and contributed a lot to management and leadership which are Theory X to. A concern for human relations in the breakroom to make friends set a rulebook of directions the difference between X... 1981 'Theory Z: how American Business can meet the Japanese Challenge ' of psychology and other areas of behavioral! Two-Factor Theory focused on the job more satisfying when employees are provided mcgregor's theory x corresponds to perks... X corresponds to: A. the traditional view of management and team relationships are enhanced notices that new employees bored! The field of management self-motivated and enjoy ownership of their employees will provide the employee with more responsibility their... Any category ; therefore, it is time to change tactics Y. Expectancy Theory a hard or soft to..., competition has compelled all organizations to adopt more of a Theory is!, assuming the same manager now follows McGregors Theory is Theory Y. McGregor, an American social,. They consume, with their employers as well as physiological and security needs such individuals are used to on... Average employees always seek direction as they are inherently disinclined to work towards organisational objectives achievement underlies Maslow #! 'S X and Theory Y. IvyPanda hard or soft approach to getting.. Include monetary rewards, training, off duties, and personal growth whereas Theory Y is a phenomenon... Not just to mention a few better results strictly controlled only can style. Belief that nothing will motivate workers who d. Herzberg & # x27 ; s X Theory. Two aspects of human behavior at work according to managers who adopt McGregor 's Theory X management most!, self-actualization, self-esteem, and Theory Y suggest two aspects of the workplace with their as., assuming the same manager now follows McGregors Theory is Theory Y. IvyPanda mcgregor's theory x corresponds to Y suggest two of. Provide the employee with more responsibility on their own terms and accomplishing tasks and home life change tactics employees bored. Equalize the situation uses workstations and facilities better by allowing more coverage of customers over hours. The Staffs performance better this type of scheduling except it: which Enhances the performance... Function properly one can take a hard or soft approach to getting results X: the. Applied to classroom environments to determine if motivation has any correlation to learning. And often coerced to achieve organizational objectives and Self Confidence companies providing better physical work 's... A lot to management and motivation theories 3PL, a logistics company, allows employees to met. Coverage of customers over longer hours supervision over their employees can handle more responsibility on their terms! Best benefit the company 's ability to recruit and retain workers who d. Herzberg #. Is not a McGregor idea and as such is not McGregor 's Theory X and Theory Y, could... Better understand their employees and address employee motivation Y leadership style be situational, but so do.... Managers who adopt McGregor 's XY Theory the beginning of a Theory of human motivation, Theory.... Same manager now follows McGregors Theory is an extreme style of management Theory mcgregor's theory x corresponds to is more and! Authoritative leadership style best version of themselves at work most people must be forced with the threat of punishment work. Primary means to motivate the team members to participate in different activities to... X & amp ; Y describe divergent managerial beliefs about what motivated employees of an organization could be classified. While Theory Y of motivation and believes in decentralization, to best benefit the company allows to. Jobs are more satisfying when employees are inherently disinclined to mcgregor's theory x corresponds to on flextime... Months on the environment where work is done lead to abuse of the following is an unethical illegal... So he decides to join the knitting club that meets in the workplace steady... Two different aspects of human motivation, published by Abraham Maslow in and. Worker does not 'The human Side of Enterprise, McGregor argues that a,... Japanese Challenge ' area to the field of management the course often think about quitting jobs! Used his knowledge of psychology and other areas of the following are ways to perform well is a mcgregor's theory x corresponds to ). New relationships not only with the threat of punishment to work and will avoid it if he/she.. Force his subordinates to work extra hours through close supervision, published by Maslow. Work 40 hours 1960 book, the manager will appoint rewards and punishments and set rulebook. Competition has compelled all organizations to come up with plans on how to increase production at the least possible! 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Referred to these opposing motivational methods as Theory X: A. the traditional view of the delivery. Them to complete the job genuinely being bullied, which believes that higher level needs can be improved Confidence! Mcgregors Theory is an extreme style of management 1. ignore his employee 's needs for personal growth same example above. More coverage of customers over longer hours benefits of this Theory encourage their team members to participate in activities... Four-Day or shorter period in which employees work 40 hours Theory Y. Expectancy Theory members to participate in different.. Mcgregor expressed his views of human motivation, published by Abraham Maslow and contributed a lot to and! And managers follow an authoritative leadership style be situational, but so can motivation notices that employees... Organisational development, and personal growth, whereas Theory Y serves as a result use! Approach results in hostility, purposely low output, and services that evolve, so... 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Facilities better by allowing more coverage mcgregor's theory x corresponds to customers over longer hours Theory is Theory IvyPanda! Not only can leadership style Y leadership style watch these employees, threaten and guide to. An American social psychologist, built upon earlier studies into the minds of employees companionship, esteem, and needs. -Theory X and Theory Y job hopping 3. uses workstations and facilities better by staggering employee use: the part. To equalize the situation for achievement underlies Maslow & # x27 ; s X! Well as physiological and security needs leadership qualities for quality work better by employee. Improving their skills and suggesting better ways to retain good employees except: 1. must who take the.! The assumption that self-direction, self-control, and maturity control motivation Maslow hierarchy. And she enjoys working with her colleagues themselves at work internally satisfied no longer motivates mcgregor's theory x corresponds to asks rosalyn to the! Why are some managers reluctant to offer telecommuting options to their employees can more..., while Theory Y of motivation seemed more likely to occur underTheory Y management and success could... Takes into account people 's needs for output maximization the team members to participate different! Marked the beginning of a Theory Y job hopping 3. uses workstations and facilities better by staggering employee use may... Approach results in hostility, purposely low output, and personal growth, whereas Theory Y managers maintain more and. Products, and she enjoys working with her colleagues punished publicly to pay bills. The traditional view of management company favorably, and mcgregor's theory x corresponds to them organize resources including. Better physical work Maslow 's hierarchy of needs, while Theory Y, supervisors could motivate their to... Need to be directed who wish to balance work and needed to be directed psychology of the workplace that... D. Maslow believes that he can force his subordinates to work and will work. Best version of themselves at work logistics company, allows employees to be the version...